Method of and apparatus for translating signal variations



A rii 1, 1924;

C. KINSLEY Original Filed March 29. 1920 w i ll i; 1 f I QI Z5 Z1 "MT 228 A 1 =56 l/WE/VTOH C d/4M 1% a, My rromvn end leaving the other endfree I free end of the bar is utilized in any desire Patented Apr. 1,1924.

CARL KINSLEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

METHOD OF APPARATUS FOR TRANSLATING SIGNAL VARIATIONS.

Application filed March 29, 1920, Serial No. 369,616. Renewed October26, 1923.

To all whom it may concern:

Be'it known that I, CARL KINsLEY, a citize'ii of the United States, andresident of New York city, in the'county of New York and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful 1m rovements in Meth ods ofand Apparatus or Translating Signal Variations, of which the followingis a specification.

- ,My present invention is primarily intended for translating electricalvariations of the kind which are used in signalling by so-calledwireless or radio-telegraphy but it is applicable for use in otheranalogous relations and in fact in any relation where its functioningmay prove useful or desirable. My invention includes as an essentialfeature the application of the electrical variations to magnetize andthereby set up longitudinal vibrations in a bar of magnetic ma-' terial,preferably pure soft iron. As is well known, an iron bar lengthens whenmagnetized and contracts upon decrease or reversa of magnetism and myinvention contemplates the clamping of such a bar at one so that allsuch expansion is efiective in producing longitudinal movement of thefree end of the bar. This longitudinal movement of the vention wasdevised primarily for use in connection with the cool air 1st andsensitive produce an indication or efiect.

' resistance indicator set forth in the application of Ray E. Hall,Serial No. 301,010, filed Ma 31st, 1919, which has now become Patent 0.1,378,345, dated May 17, 1921, but it may be employed in connection withthe jet actuated apparatus set forth in his earlier Patents Nos.1,160,07 2 and 1,205,530, and it is ca. able of use in connection with asensitive ame.

While such cm loyment of the magnetizable rod in combination with asensitive jet or flame has peculiar advantages, the longitudinalmovement of the free end of the rod may be utilized to produce anindication in other ways and my invention isnot to be considered aslimited except in so far as concerns claims in which the above mentionedcombination is s ecified.

, Preferably the received variations lare or the most-desirable ways isto apply 7 eriodic and of a definite frequency and the ongitudinalvibrating bar of magnetic material preferably has a physical lengthwhich is a quarter wave length or an odd multi 1c of a quarter wavelength of a soun wave of said frequency when propagated in iron.

In such case the fixed end of the bar becomes a node and the free endofthe bar a vent of a longitudinal resonant vibration built up by therythmic elongations and re- 1 tion is smaller so that full resonantvibration requires less timeland energy when the energizing impulsescease and the vibration dies out more promptly.

Where the magnetic rod is employed in connection with a sensitive jet myinvention includes the further feature of applying the d motion of thefree end or" the rod through a conical tip carried by the free end orthe rod and encircling the jet.

When the invention is used for translating radio signals, the receivedwaves may be applied directly for translation provided the wave lengthem loyed is suihcientl long and the frequency ow enough for e ectiveelectromagnetic efiect on iron. If desired, however, the variations tobe translated may be of lower fr uency than the radio waves and suchlower requencies may be produced in any desired way, as, for instance,by superposing a loca 1y originated frequency upon the received waves toproduce an electrical heterodyne, or by utilizing a group frequency inconnection with any of thewel known amplifiers which produce a singleelectrical impulse or variation in re sponse to a whole train of radiowaves.

The above and other features of my in-.

vention' may be more fully understood from p energizing the devicedirectly by waves of radio frequency; and

Figure 2 is a similar view showing means for energizing the device byamplified variations which may be of less than radio frequency.

In these drawings 1 is the magnetizable rod fixed at one point by clamp2 and screw 3 which are rigidly secured to a suitable support 4. Thefree end of the rod is encircled by an electromagnetic coil 5.Preferably the coil 5 is arranged so that its center is at or near theend of the rod. This tends to locate the magnetic pole at the end of therod and Whatever solenoidal pull the coil has will take effectlongitudinally of the rod.

On the end of the rod 1 is a light tubular extension 6 preferably ofnon-magnetic material having rigidly secured to the end thereof, thecone 7 which encircles the outlet of the sensitive jet 8.

This jet 8 is adjusted so as to be particularly sensitive to vibrationsof the frequency of the magnetizing current variations so thatlongitudinal vibration of the rod, causing transverse movement of thecone 7, easily precipitates bushing of the jet. This bushing of the jetis intermittent and is of the same frequency as the variations in coil5. Such intermittent bushing may be utilized to produce an indication,preferably according to the methods described in the Hall applicationand patents v above mentioned.

In Figure 1, T have diagrammatically indicated the jet as normallydischarging along the axis of a coil 10 of very fine wire which isnormally kept hot by flow of current from battery 11. Bushing of the jetvariably cools coil 10 thereby lowering its resistance and increasingthe flow of current from the battery 11. These fiunctuations of batterycurrent flow are utilized to produce the desired indication or effect inan indicating device 12 which may be a telephone receiver, relay,recorder or other suitable device.

In Figure 1 the coil 5 is shown as energized directly by the receivedwaves of a wireless telegraph system, operating at radio frequency andwithout the interposition of any amplifier or so-called detector. Thisis quite possible since the velocity of sound in steel or iron is about5100 meters per second. A. radio signal of say 15,000 meters wave lengthis available by means already well known in the art. Waves of thislength have a fre uency of about 20,000 per second. The lengt of anacoustic wave of this frequency when propagated in iron is 5100 meterswhich, divided by 20,000 frequency, equals .255 meter, or 25.5centimeters. An iron rod one quarter such length would'be 6% centi-.

meters from the fixed nodal point te the vent energlzes the secondarywinding 23 in series f with coil 5 and having in shunt relation theretothe adjustable tuning condenser 24.

My invention is not limited to such use in connection with unamplifiedwaves, and I may employ a more common receiving apparatus asdiagrammatically indicated in Figure 2.

In this figure the aerial receiving wire 20, the transformer primarycoil 21 adjustable condenser 22,- ground G and transformer secondary 23and adjustable condenser 24 may be the same as before. Instead ofleading the wires directly to coil 5, however, the received energy isapplied to an audion or other amplifier. The hot wire loop 26 energizedby battery 27 is connected to one side of the circuit and the grid 28 tothe other side of the circuit. The plate is connected in series withbattery 29 through coil- 30. This coil may be the magnetizing coil 5. ifdesired, however, a second amplifying circuit 32 may be interposed bymaking the coil 30 the primary of a transformer hav its secondary 31 inthe second amplifying circuit. The battery fluctuations of this lattercircuit may be applied through conductors 40, d1 to the coil 5.

lln the arrangement shown in Figure 2, it

will be observed that the amplifying devices are of a character whichgive increased battery fiow for the entire duration of a wave train.Hence the trains must be broken up into groups succeeding each other atdefinite frequency so that the resulting battery fluctuations in theamplifier circuit will be of a frequency suitable for setting up thelongitudinal vibrations of rod 1 so as to cause the desired breaking orbushing of the sensitive jet.

Wh e an amplifier or similar detector is used the variations in coil 5are uni-directional fluctuations which do not reverse the polarity butonly increase and decrease the magnetism of bar 1. Hence the frequencyof the elongations of the bar, is'the same as the frequency of thevariations.

On the other hand, the arrangement shown in Figure 1 applies alternatingcurrent yariations to the coil so that the magnetism is reversed twicefor each complete wave,

and the bar vibrations are double the fre quency of the waves. quencybeing necessarily high, the coil 5 and bar 1 should be designed so as tominimize the choking effect of inductance, capacity and resistance. Suchdoubling of the frequency may be avoided by impartcontinuous magneticcondition of the bar may be brought about in any of the ways well knownin the art as by the use of a permanent magnet which may be of steel orby the use of a magnetizing coil where iron is the material use Broadlyconsidered, my invention is not limited to iron or steel asthe'magnetizable material since it is well known that cobalt and nickelare also magnetizable. The lat ter metals shorten upon magnetization andlengthen upon de-magnetization, the reverse of what happens in the caseof steel and iron, but change of length bein a primary requisite of myinvention, t ese or other magnetizable metals or alloys are withinthebroad limits of my present in vention.

From the above it will be evident to those skilled in the art thatmagnetization and demagnetization as also shortening and lengthening maybe full equivalents, andthat the terms magnetizable, magnetize, etc. asused above and also in the following claims should be construedaccordingly.

I claim:

1. The method of translating electrical variations which consists inapplying the -'same to magnetize a rod so as to cause longitudinalmovement of a portion thereof and applying said movement to reciprocatebushing of a sensitive jet and utilizing the latter to produce asensible indication or effect.

Moreover, this fre-' 2. The method of translating periodic electrical.variations of d finite frequency which consists in applyi g the same toperiodically magnetize an iron rod having a physical length equal to onequarter the length of an acoustic wave of said frequency when propagatedin iron, to thereby cause resonant longitudinal vibration and resultantmovement at a free end thereof and utilizin such movement to produce asensible in ication or effect.

3. The method of translating periodic electrical variations of definitefrequency which consists in applying the same to periodically magnetizean iron rod having a physical length equal to one quarter'the length ofan acoustic wave of said frequency when propagated in iron, to therebycause resonant longitudinal vibration and resultant movement at a freeend thereof and applyin said movement to precipitate bushing 0? asensitive jet and utilizing the latter to produce a sensible indicationor effect.

4. A translating device for periodic variations of definite frequency,including a magnetizable rod having a physical length equal to onequarter the length of an acoustic wave of said frequency when propagatedin iron, and means for holding said rod fixed at one end and at theother end free for expansion and contraction, in combination with amagnetizing coil for said rod coil.

5. A translating device for periodic variations of definite frequency,including'a magnetizable rod having a physical length equal to onequarter the length of an acoustic wave of said frequency when propa atedin iron, and means for holding sai rod fixed at one end and at the otherend free for expansion and contraction, in combination with amagnetizing coil for said rod and means for periodically energizing saidcoil at a rate synchronizing with and adapted to amplify longitudinalphysical vibrations set up in said rod by the magnetizing effect of saidcoil.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New Yorkthis 5th day of March A. D. 1920.

CARL KINSLEY.

